Complete guide

French–English false friends: 28 traps to avoid on the TCF Canada

28 French–English false friends that cost points on the TCF Canada: exact meanings, examples and a method to spot them in reading, listening and writing.

VocabularyAll levels
Pack Ayoub Editorial TeamUpdated October 26, 2026About 5 min read

Original Pack Ayoub method, examples, and corrections · official format and criteria verified against the cited sources

Essential information

  • False friends can distort answers in reading and listening and alter your message in writing.
  • Twenty-eight frequent pairs cover most traps, grouped by word type.
  • Check the meaning in the full sentence, never on a single word.
  • A false-friends notebook reviewed with spaced repetition fixes them.

What you need to know

False friends are words that look alike in two languages but do not mean the same thing. For a candidate whose starting or working language is English, they are both a comprehension trap and a production trap. In reading, a distractor can rest on a word that looks English. In listening, you may hear « actuellement » and understand “actually”. In writing, one wrong word changes the message.

The good news is that these traps are fixed quickly: the list is limited, and each word you learn removes an ambiguity for good. Here are twenty-eight false friends grouped by type of trap.

Words of time and circumstance

Actuellement means “currently”, not “actually”: to say “actually”, use « en réalité » or « en fait ». Éventuellement means “possibly, if need be”, not “eventually”: for “eventually”, use « finalement » or « à terme ». Délai means the time allowed to do something (« un délai de dix jours »), not “delay”: for a delay, use « retard ».

Passer un examen means “to take an exam”, not “to pass” it: for “pass an exam”, say « réussir un examen ». Chance means first of all “luck”: for “a chance” in the sense of an opportunity, prefer « occasion » or « possibilité ».

Verbs of action

Assister à means “to be present at” (assister à une réunion), not “to assist”: to help, say « aider ». Attendre means “to wait for”, not “to attend”: for “attend”, say « assister à » or « participer à ». Demander means “to ask”, not “to demand”: for demand, say « exiger ».

Rester means “to stay” (rester à la maison), not “to rest”: to rest, say « se reposer ». Prétendre means “to claim”, not “to pretend”: to pretend, say « faire semblant ». Blesser means “to hurt, to injure”, not “to bless”: to bless, say « bénir ». Ignorer means “not to know” (j’ignore la réponse): to ignore, say « ne pas tenir compte de ».

Nouns that mislead

Librairie is a bookshop, not a “library”: for the public library, say « bibliothèque ». Lecture means the act of reading; for a lecture in the university sense, say « conférence » or « exposé ». Résumé means “summary” in French; North American English uses “résumé” for the CV, which French calls « CV » or « curriculum vitæ ».

Travail means “work”, not “travel”: to travel, say « voyage ». Location means “rental”: for a place, say « endroit » or « emplacement ». Formation means “training, a course taken”: for “formation” in the sense of arrangement, say « disposition » or « structure ». Figure means “face” in everyday language: for a number, say « chiffre ». Journal means a daily newspaper or a personal diary, not a scientific journal (« revue »). Agenda means a diary of appointments, not the agenda of a meeting (« ordre du jour »).

Coin means “corner” (le coin de la rue), not “coin”: for a coin, say « pièce ». Fabrique means “factory”, not “fabric”: for fabric, say « tissu ». Injure means “insult”, not “injury”: for an injury, say « blessure ». Habit means “garment”: for a habit, say « habitude ».

Adjectives

Sensible means “sensitive”: for “sensible” in the sense of reasonable, say « raisonnable » or « judicieux ». Sympathique means “nice, pleasant”: for “sympathetic” in the sense of compassionate, say « compatissant ». Large means “wide”: for “large” in the sense of big, say « grand » or « important ».

A method to spot them

When a French word looks like an English word, ask yourself one question: does the context confirm the meaning I think I recognise? In reading, check the whole sentence before choosing an option that repeats the word. In listening, do not base your answer on a single word you heard.

Create a false-friends notebook: on one line, the French word, its meaning, the English trap, and an example sentence. Review it with spaced repetition, and add a false friend each time a correction reveals one.

A mini-exercise to fix the traps

Complete the sentences with the right word. 1. Je vais ___ à la réunion de demain (assister/attendre). 2. Il habite ___ à Montréal (actuellement/actually). 3. Je joins mon ___ à ma candidature (CV/résumé). 4. On y achète des livres : c’est une ___ (librairie/bibliothèque). 5. Elle a ___ l’examen lundi, et elle l’a ___ (passé/réussi).

Answers: 1. assister; 2. actuellement; 3. CV, because « résumé » means in French a text that summarises; 4. librairie; 5. passé, then réussi. Repeat the exercise in three days, covering the answers.

Frequently asked questions

What is a false friend?

A word that resembles a word in another language without having the same meaning, such as « actuellement » (currently) and “actually” (en fait).

Do false friends really matter on the TCF Canada?

They can distort an answer in reading or listening and alter the message in writing. Knowing them avoids losing points on details of meaning.

How many false friends should I learn?

About thirty frequent false friends cover most traps. Start with the ones that appear in your own mistakes.

How do I memorise false friends?

Write each word with a personal sentence, review them on D+1, D+3 and D+7, then use them in a short written or spoken production.

Is this only for English speakers?

It matters most for candidates whose starting or working language is English, but it helps anyone who reads or writes English every day.

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